The Properties of Carboxylic acids, Primary amines and Amides
Typical Reactions
The typical reactions for
carboxylic acids
are:
Acid + Base
Salt + Water
For Example,
CH
3
COOH
(aq)
+ NaOH
(aq)
CH
3
COO
-
Na
+
(aq)
+ H
2
O
(l)
Acid + Carbonate
Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water
For Example,
CH
3
CH
2
COOH
(aq)
+ Na
2
CO
3(aq)
CH
3
CH
2
COO
-
Na
+
(aq)
+ H
2
O
(l)
+ CO
2(g)
Acid + Metal
Metal Salt + Hydrogen
For Example,
(COOH)
2(aq)
+ Mg
(s)
(COOH)
2
Mg
(aq)
+ H
2(g)
Carboxylic Acid + Alcohol
Ester + Water
For Example,
CH
3
COOH
(aq)
+ CH
3
CH
2
OH
(aq)
CH
3
COOCH
2
CH
3 (aq)
+ H
2
O
(l)
The reactions of the
amines
are:
Amines and Acids
For Example,
CH
3
NH
2(aq)
+ HCl
(aq)
CH
3
NH
3
+
(aq)
Acylation
For Example,
CH
3
CH
2
NH
2(aq)
+ CH
3
COCl
(aq)
CH
3
CONHCH
2
CH
3 (s)
+ HCl
(aq)
Reactions of the
amides
include:
Saponification
For Example,
CH
3
CONHC
6
H
5(s)
+ NaOH
(aq)
CH
3
COO
-
Na
+
(aq)
+ C
6
H
5
NH
2(aq)
Hydrolysis
For Example,
CH
3
CONHC
6
H
5(s)
+ HCl
(aq)
+ H
2
O
(l)
CH
3
COOH
(aq)
+ C
6
H
5
NH
3
+
Cl
-
(aq)
Useful books for revision
Revise A2 Chemistry for Salters (OCR A Level Chemistry B)
Salters (OCR) Revise A2 Chemistry
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